The Daily Halacha Moment - Arvit on Friday Night 📙
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What are some customs of Friday Night Arvit?
Answer:
VeHu Rachum is not recited before praying Arvit on Shabbat. [See Footnote 1] The custom of Sephardim is to recite a half-kaddish before reciting Barechu prior to Arvit. [2]
In some communities the rabbi gives a Torah class before Arvit. After the class, it is customary to recite Kaddish Al Yisrael. After this, the chazzan should recite some pesukim (Yimloch Hashem…, as printed in many siddurim), before beginning the half-kaddish prior to Barechu. [3]
It is customary in most communities[4]to stand during kaddish and Barechu. [5] Similarly, it is customary to sing the Kaddish and parts of Arvit, in honor of Shabbat. [6]
Sources:
[1]. Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, pp. 336 and Yabia Omer 9:36 brings from the Teshuvot HaGeonim who explains that the reason who “Vehu Rachum” is recited during the weekday is because it is considered a time of judgement for the neshamot in Gehenom. However, on Shabbat, even the wicked don’t have judgement in Gehenom. This is also mentioned in the Zohar, Parashat Terumah, 135b. See also in Halichot Olam, vol. 3, p. 105. The Chida in Machazik Berachah 267:3 and in Chayim Sha’al 2:10 states that on Shabbat day, however, one should not omit the pasuk of Vehu Rachum in pesukei de’zimra.
[2]. See Halachah Berurah, vol. 16, p. 22.
[3]. Halachah Berurah, vol. 16, p. 22.
[4]. See Shemesh U’Magen 3:78 & vol. 4, 16:1 who states that the custom of Morocco was to remain seated during the Kaddish and Barechu of Friday night.
[5]. Yechaveh Daat 3:4 and Chazon Ovadia, Shabbat, vol. 1, p. 336 cites the Shalmei Tzibbur who brings from Rabbi Chaim Vital that one should stand during the Kaddish on Friday night. This is also the opinion of Kaf HaChayim, Palagi, 28:14; Ben Ish Chai, Vayera 2:3; Kaf HaChayim, Sofer 56:23. See also in Chazon Ovadia, ibid., and on Sukkot, p. 456, in the footnotes, who cites the sefer Bet HaSho’evah, who states that according to the Siddur HaAri, one does not have to stand during the Kaddish before Barechu on Yom Tov night.
[6]. Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 2, p. 480 in the name of the Sha’ar HaKavanot, p. 68.
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