The Daily Halacha Moment - Birkot Hashachar & Staying up Shavuot Night 😴🗣️
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What Berachot does one recite if one stayed up the whole night on Shavuot night?
Answer:
This is a very common question!
After alot hashachar, one should wash his hands as he usually does in the morning, but should not recite a berachah on this washing if he did not sleep a minimum of thirty minutes during the night. Similarly, one should not recite Asher Yatzar unless he used the bathroom. [1] According to Ashkenazim, one should use the bathroom, wash his hands for Netilat Yadayim with a Berachah, and then say Asher Yatzar. [See footnote 2]
After alot hashachar, one must recite Birchot HaTorah. The custom for Sepharadim is to recite all of the berachot of Birchot HaShachar and Birchot HaTorah without omitting any. This ruling is unlike the practice of many Ashkenazim, who refrain from reciting Birchot HaShachar and Birchot HaTorah, and instead hear these berachot from someone else who slept that night. [3]
An Ashkenazi who was awake all night may listen to Birchot HaShachar and Birchot HaTorah recited by a Sepharadi and be yotzei through his recitation, even though he did not sleep either. [4]
Adapted From R' Yonatan Nacsons "Laws Of The Holidays"
Sources:
[1]. Shulchan Aruch, O.C. 4:13; Birkei Yosef 46:12; Rav Pe’alim 4:1; Chazon Ovadia, Yom Tov, p. 313; Yalkut Yosef, Moadim, 441.
[2]. The Rosh (Berachot 9:23) writes that the reason a person must wash his hands in the morning is that one's hands almost certainly touched an unclean area. The Rashba (responsa 1:191), on the other hand, writes that the reason is that a person is created anew each morning. The Beit Yosef 4:13 writes that according to the Rosh, one who stays up all night doesn't have to wash because one can ensure that his hands stay clean, while according to the Rashba, one is created anew whether he slept or not. Because of this dispute, S”A and Rama 4:13 rule that one should wash without a berachah. Magen Avraham 494; Taz 4:9; Biur HaGra 4:13; Birkei Yosef 46:12; and Mishnah Berurah 494:1 agree. See, the Bach 4; Aruch HaShulchan 4:12; and Maaseh Rav (no. 2) who argue that one who didn’t sleep can say the Berachah. Hagahot Rabbi Akiva Eiger 4:12 writes that if one went to the bathroom, one can make the berachah. The Olat Tamid 4:8; Eliyah Rabba 4:8; and Pri Megadim (E”A 494) agree. Artzot HaChaim 4:1 and Chayeh Adam 7:6 seem to agree as well. Thus, Mishnah Berurah 4:30 rules one should use the
bathroom and dirty his hands, thus allowing him to wash his hands with a Berachah.
[3]. See Ben Ish Chai, Vezot Haberachah 1:3; Yabia Omer, vol. 5, O.C. 6; Yechaveh Daat 3:33; Chazon Ovadia, Yom Tov, p. 312; Yaskil Avdi 8:24; Halachah Berurah, vol. 3; Otzrot Yosef, 18; and Orchot Maran, vol. 1, p. 175. See also Mishnah Berurah 46:24; 47:28.
[4]. See Teshuvot VeHanhagot 5:160; Tefillah KeHilchatah, p. 179, 6 and; Shevet HaLevi 10:77.
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