The Daily Halacha Moment - Kiddush BiMakom Seudah 🍷
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What is Kiddush BiMakom Seudah?
How much does one need to eat in order to be considered Kiddush BiMakom Seudah?
Answer:
In the place where one made Kiddish one should make sure to have a meal there. This principle is called by chazal Kiddush Bimakom Seuda.[1] This applies both for the nighttime and daytime Kiddush. [2] One should begin to eat something immediately after Kiddish. After the fact, as long as one had intent to eat immediately one doesn't need to make Kiddish again even if one made a long interruption and had a Hesech HaDaat (interruption of thought). However, if one didn't have intent to eat right away and then made an interruption of 72 minutes a new Kiddush is needed.[3] In order to have Kiddish in the place where one eats and that the Kiddish is considered a proper Kiddish, one must eat at least a kezayit of mezonot, bread, or a reviit of wine. [4] This is very common when people have a Kiddush in shul if one eats a Kezayit of mezonot, bread or drinks a reviit of wine, one does not have to recite Kiddush again at home. Even though theoretically this applies also at night, one should be strict at night not to rely on this and to make sure to have a egg's volume of bread (once one has done this, he may finish his meal in a different location)[5]
Sources:
[1]. Shmuel in Gemara Pesachim 101a says that one should only say Kiddush in the place where one is going to have a meal. The Rosh ( Pesachim10:5) says that this is based on the pasuk "VeKarata LeShabbat Oneg" ( Yishayahu 58:13) which Chazal explain with "Kriyah" as a reference to Kiddush and "Oneg" to the meal and so the pasuk means, in the place of Oneg one should have Kriyah. See Shulchan Aruch O.C. 273:4.
[2]. Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 77:14
[3]. Preferably, Rama 273:3 writes that one should make one's meal immediately after Kiddish. Mishnah Berurah 273:12 explains that preferably, one should eat one's meal right after Kiddish without waiting. Maran Rav Ovadia Yosef Zt'l writes in Halichot Olam vol. 3, p. 3 defines this interruption as 72 minutes.
[4]. Shulchan Aruch O.C. 273:5 writes in name of the Geonim that one can fulfill the obligation to eat in the place of where one makes Kiddish by eating bread or wine. Magen Avraham 273:10 and Mishnah Berurah 273:21 rule that a Kezayit is needed to fulfill this obligation. Mishnah Berurah 273:25 comments that certainly mezonot fulfills the obligation as it's more significant than wine. See also Shemirat Shabbat KeHilchatah 52:24; Sh"t Az Nidabru 8:31; Kiddush KeHilchatah p. 195; Sh"t Or Letzion vol. 2, 20:28; Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat vol. 1 p.196; Halichot Olam vol. 3, p. 1.
[5]. Maran Ovadia Yosef zt"l in Kol Sinai Tevet 5724 p. 13 writes that since some disagree with the geonim we shouldn't rely on them at night when Kiddush is biblical. The Mishnah Berurah (Shaar Hatziyun 273:29) questions whether or not we should rely on the geonim for the kiddush at night and leaves it unresolved.
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