The Daily Halacha Moment - Saying "Shabbat Shalom" 🗣️
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
What is the custom of saying Shabbat Shalom?
Answer:
It is customary to greet people on Shabbat, after praying, with “Shabbat Shalom.” [See Footnote 1] One may greet an Avel with “Shabbat Shalom,” and the Avel may also answer back likewise.[2] Even though Shalom is one of Hashem's names one may also greet someone with “Shabbat Shalom,” even if that person is not wearing a kippah or head covering.[3] Many Ashkenazim have the custom to say "Good Shabbos/Gut Shabbos".
It's good to note, if one accepted Shabbat while it was still day time (which is very common), one should make sure to recite Keriat Shema again once the proper time arrives, one should only rely on Keriat Shema Al Hamittah if one has forgotten to say it until then. [4]
Sources:
[1]. The Arizal states in Shaar HaKavanot, p. 70b that one should greet his household upon returning from the synagogue with “Shabbat Shalom.” This is also brought in the Eliyah Zutta 307:3 in the name of the Shelah, Ner Mitzvah, Mesechet Shabbat, §60 who states that one even fulfills the mitzvah of “Zachor et yom haShabbat” through saying Shabbat Shalom. See also in Kaf HaChayim 307:11 and Mishnah Berurah 307:5. This is also brought in Ohr HaChayim, Vayikra 19:3 and in Ben Ish Chai, Shanah Rishonah, introduction to Parashat Nasso and Ben Yehoyada, Eruvin 3a, who state that there are also Kabbalistic reasons for doing so. See also in Teshuvot VeHanhagot 4:59.
[2]. Yalkut Yosef, Avelut, 23:6.
[3]. Yalkut Yosef, Hashkamat Haboker, p. 245.
[4]. Chemdat Yamim, vol. 1, Shabbat, 6:14; Yalkut Yosef, Shabbat, book 1, vol. 2, p. 478.
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