The Daily Halacha Moment - Tikkun Chatzot During the Three Weeks 📙
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
Is there a custom to recite Tikkun Chatzot at day during the Three Weeks?
Answer:
Many people have the custom to recite the daytime Tikkun Chatzot
during Ben HaMetzarim, which contains many verses lamenting the destruction of the Bet HaMikdash. [ See Footnote 1]
One does not say the daytime Tikkun Chatzot on erev Shabbat. [2] Similarly, one does not say it on erev Rosh Chodesh Av and Rosh Chodesh Av.
The father of a baby who is having a brit milah, a sandak, and a Mohel also do not say Tikkun Chatzot on the day of the brit milah. In general, whenever Tachanun is not recited, Tikkun Chatzot is also omitted. [3]
Furthermore, even a Torah scholar who spends much of his time learning should try to recite Tikkun Chatzot during Ben HaMetzarim. However, he should not recite all the kinot; instead, he should only say the most important parts, which were established by the Arizal. [4]
Sources:
[1]. See the Chida, Moreh BaEtzba 8:229–230 and Yosef Ometz §21, which state that this is a very praiseworthy custom during this time. The point of the custom is to arouse one to repent and feel anguish over the loss of the Bet HaMikdash. He brings that this custom dates back to the time of the Arizal (see Pri Etz Chaim, shaar 23:1 and Shaar HaKavanot, p. 89). This custom is also brought by the Magen Avraham 549:4; Mishnah Berurah 551:103; and Kaf HaChaim 551:221. Customarily, only Tikkun Rachel is recited.
[2]. Kaf HaChaim 551:224; Ohr LeTzion, vol. 3, 5:6, in the footnote. See also Chazon Ovadia, Arba Taaniyot, p. 129, in the footnote, which brings the view of Maaseh Eliyahu §193, which states that one should not recite it.
[3]. Kaf HaChaim 551:223; Chazon Ovadia, Arba Taaniyot, p. 129, in the footnote.
[4]. See Yalkut Yosef, Hashkamat HaBoker, p. 174 and Halachah Berurah 1:1:3. See also Derech Sichah, vol. 1, p. 609 and Daat Noteh, p. 4, footnote 3, which states that Rabbi Chaim Kanievsky says Tikkun Chatzot in the middle of the day during Ben HaMetzarim.
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