The Daily Halacha Moment - Traveling Before Prayer
״כל השונה הלכות בכל יום - מובטח לו שהוא בן העולם הבא״ (נידה עג ע״א, מגילה כח:)
“Anyone who studies Halachot every day is guaranteed that he is destined for the world-to-come” (Megilla 28b, Niddah 73a)
Question:
May one travel before praying?
Answer:
In general, it is forbidden to travel before davening from after Alot HaShachar[1], even if one is confident that they will be able to pray upon reaching their destination.[2] The reason for this as mentioned in a previous Halacha Moment is because prayer establishes a person’s connection with Hashem at the start of the day and demonstrates reliance on Him for success and protection. Traveling before davening suggests that one prioritizes personal affairs over their spiritual obligations, which diminishes the importance of prayer as the foundation of the day. However, traveling is generally defined as being on the road for at least 72 minutes. Some opinions apply this definition here as well, stating that only a trip lasting 72 minutes or more would be prohibited before davening. [3] Nonetheless, some maintain that even a shorter trip is considered "traveling" and would be prohibited if it is not in order to reach one's usual place of davening. [4] Furthermore, some opinions hold that traveling, even for the purpose of performing a mitzvah, is prohibited before davening. However, most authorities disagree and permit traveling before davening to fulfill a mitzvah, to enhance one’s davening, or to pray at the Kosel HaMaaravi.[5]
If traveling will be significantly easier before davening such as in a case where waiting until after davening would result in heavy traffic and a much longer trip some permit traveling before davening. [6]This is especially true if delaying would cause one to miss a bus, flight or make it impossible to travel altogether.[7] In all cases where traveling before davening is permitted, one should preferably recite Birkot HaShachar before beginning the journey. [8]
Sources:
[1]. Berachot 14a as understood by Rosh Berachot 1:7. See also Rif 8a, and Bet Yosef 89. Shulchan Aruch 89:3; Aruch HaShulchan 89:22.
[2]. Mishnah Berurah 89:20, see also Mishnah Berurah 90:53.
[3]. Ohr Letzion 2:32.
[4]. Halichot Shlomo, Tefillah 2:7:6.
[5]. Pri Chadash 89:6; Pri Megadim (Eishel Avraham) 89:15; Aruch HaShulchan 89:22; Mishnah Berurah 90:53; Yalkut Yosef 89:29.
[6]. Shevet Halevi 8:19.
[7]. Magen Avraham 89:10; Aruch Hashulchan 89:22.
[8]. Rama 89:3; Mishnah Berurah 89:17 and 89:37.
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